Identifying the most important traits affecting grain yield of wild wheat (Triticum boeoticum) under drought stress conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

3 Department of Molecular Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology , National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Boeoticum specie is a valuable drought-tolerance gene source to breed wheat yield under stress. This study was done to identify the most important traits affecting grain yield of 10 boeoticum ecotypes under drought stress conditions for two years. Water use efficiency, fertile spikes number per plant and seed number per plant showed the highest positive and significant (p≤0.01) correlation with grain yield per plant. Water use efficiency, fertile spikes number per plant, seed number per the main spike, biological yield per plant, and water use (with a negative regression coefficient), as the most important traits, were entered into the regression model, respectively. The most direct effect on increasing grain yield was water use efficiency. Seed number per plant and fertile spikes number per plant, due to increased water use efficiency, showed the most indirect effect on grain yield.  Ecotype 5, as a drought-tolerant ecotype, showed a high water use efficiency by allocating more assimilates to yield components. It had a high grain yield. On the other hand, ecotype 6 was introduced as the most drought-susceptible ecotype with low-economical yield. In this study, high water use efficiency increased the traits related to seed number per plant. The ratio of assimilating allocation to aboveground or under-ground parts was the main mechanism for the adaptation of ecotypes. Therefore, selection based on these mechanisms will lead to the identification of drought-tolerant ecotypes for future wheat breeding programs.

Keywords

References

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Desert
Volume 27, Issue 2
December 2022
Pages 342-352

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